The theory of latent pathogenic factors is one of the significant theories in traditional Chinese medicine and has a notable correspondence with modern medical concepts such as immune imbalance and genetic mechanisms. It is widely applied in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases and genetic disorders. Professor Zheng Jian summarized the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis as "abnormal endowment, internal retention of phlegm, triggered by external pathogens," proposing a core therapeutic approach of "clearing heat, opening orifices, and expelling pathogens outward." However, clinically, pediatric allergic rhinitis often complicates with adenoid hypertrophy, with a close pathological relationship and interconversion in pathogenesis. Therefore, Professor Zheng further categorized the combination of allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy as phlegm retention in the lung orifices, obstructing the airways internally. In clinical treatment, Xingbi gel are used externally, combined with the principle of pattern differentiation for oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine, achieving a comprehensive therapy that treats both internally and externally. This paper analyzes and summarizes typical clinical cases to deeply explore the application value of the theory of latent pathogenic factors in the treatment of allergic rhinitis complicated with adenoid hypertrophy, validating the effectiveness and scientific nature of the treatment methods, providing new ideas and evidence for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis complicated with adenoid hypertrophy.